Kotlin Help

Stability of Kotlin components

The Kotlin language and toolset are divided into many components such as the compilers for the JVM, JS and Native targets, the Standard Library, various accompanying tools and so on. Many of these components were officially released as Stable, which means that they were evolved in a backward-compatible way following the principles of Comfortable Updates and Keeping the Language Modern.

Following the Feedback Loop principle, we release many things early for the community to try out, so a number of components are not yet released as Stable. Some of them are at a very early stage, some are more mature. We mark them as Experimental, Alpha or Beta depending on how quickly each component evolves and the level of risk users take on when adopting it.

Stability levels explained

Here's a quick guide to these stability levels and their meaning:

Experimental means "try it only in toy projects":

  • We are just trying out an idea and want some users to play with it and give feedback. If it doesn't work out, we may drop it any minute.

Alpha means "use at your own risk, expect migration issues":

  • We intend to productize this idea, but it hasn't reached its final shape yet.

Beta means "you can use it, we'll do our best to minimize migration issues for you":

  • It's almost done, user feedback is especially important now.

  • Still, it's not 100% finished, so changes are possible (including ones based on your own feedback).

  • Watch for deprecation warnings in advance for the best update experience.

We collectively refer to Experimental, Alpha and Beta as pre-stable levels.

Stable means "use it even in most conservative scenarios":

Please note that stability levels do not say anything about how soon a component will be released as Stable. Similarly, they do not indicate how much a component will be changed before release. They only say how fast a component is changing and how much risk of update issues users are running.

GitHub badges for Kotlin components

The Kotlin GitHub organization hosts different Kotlin-related projects. Some of them we develop full-time, while others are side projects.

Each Kotlin project has two GitHub badges describing its stability and support status:

Stability of subcomponents

A stable component may have an experimental subcomponent, for example:

  • a stable compiler may have an experimental feature;

  • a stable API may include experimental classes or functions;

  • a stable command-line tool may have experimental options.

We make sure to document precisely which subcomponents are not Stable. We also do our best to warn users where possible and ask to opt them in explicitly to avoid the accidental use of features that have not been released as stable.

Current stability of Kotlin components

Kotlin compiler

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

Kotlin/JVM

Stable

1.0.0

Kotlin/Native

Stable

1.9.0

Kotlin/JS

Stable

1.3.0

Kotlin/Wasm

Alpha

1.9.20

Analysis API

Stable

Core compiler plugins

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

All-open

Stable

1.3.0

No-arg

Stable

1.3.0

SAM-with-receiver

Stable

1.3.0

kapt

Stable

1.3.0

Lombok

Experimental

1.5.20

Power-assert

Experimental

2.0.0

Kotlin libraries

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

kotlin-stdlib (JVM)

Stable

1.0.0

kotlinx-coroutines

Stable

1.3.0

kotlinx-serialization

Stable

1.0.0

kotlin-reflect (JVM)

Beta

1.0.0

kotlinx-datetime

Alpha

0.2.0

kotlinx-io

Alpha

0.2.0

Kotlin Multiplatform

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

Kotlin Multiplatform

Stable

1.9.20

Kotlin Multiplatform plugin for Android Studio

Beta

0.8.0

Versioned separately from the language

Kotlin/Native

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

Kotlin/Native Runtime

Stable

1.9.20

Kotlin/Native interop with C and Objective-C

Beta

1.3.0

klib binaries

Stable

1.9.20

Not including cinterop klibs, see below

cinterop klib binaries

Beta

1.3.0

CocoaPods integration

Stable

1.9.20

Language tools

Component

Status

Status since version

Comments

Scripting syntax and semantics

Alpha

1.2.0

Scripting embedding and extension API

Beta

1.5.0

Scripting IDE support

Beta

Available since IntelliJ IDEA 2023.1 and later

CLI scripting

Alpha

1.2.0

Language features and design proposals

For language features and new design proposals, see Kotlin language features and proposals.

Last modified: 25 September 2024